The climate of the state varies from region to region due to the undulating topography. The climate in the Khasi Hills and Jaintia Hills is pleasant, whereas in Garo Hills it is warm and humid except during winters. The average rainfall in the state is 1,150 cm annually, which also makes it the wettest place on earth.
Meghalaya is a predominantly agrarian state where about 80% of its population depends on agriculture for livelihood. Rice is the main food grain crop, complemented by other like maize, wheat and a minority share of pulses. Oil-seed crops like rape and mustard are also grown. Fiber crops like cotton, jute and mesta are the traditional cash crops.
The climate of Meghalaya also permits a large variety of horticultural crops including spices, mushrooms, fruits, vegetables, flowers and medicinal plants. Spices include ginger, the famous Piper Longum, black pepper, the notorious Bhut Jolokia chilli among others, bay leaf and the acclaimed Lakadong turmeric. Sub-tropical fruits include banana, pineapple, jack-fruit, guava, citrus fruits and papaya. Other fruits grown in Khasi Hills are peaches, plums and pears.
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